Types of Fire-Fighting Systems

Sprinkler System
A sprinkler system is the most effective method of controlling fire. These systems can work even for a small blaze of fire thus preventing it from spreading until the fire department arrives. These are fully automatic having the potential of saving lives and property. A sprinkler system can be one of the following kind: wet, dry, pre-action and deluge.

    • Wet Sprinkler System: Wet Sprinkler Systems use water as a hydrant. The water is supplied by a network of pipes. These systems are integrated with fire alarm system to warn the occupants of the building. They are used in offices, retail stores, and warehouses.
    • Dry Sprinkler System: Dry chemicals can also be used as a hydrant in fire-fighting systems. They are used for areas where water might freeze like loading docks.
    • Pre-Action System: Pre-action systems are used in storage freezers and computer applications. Driven by the automated detection system, these pipes are charged with air to prevent unwanted release of water.
    • Deluge System: Contrary to pre-action systems, the deluge systems quickly flood an area with water. They are often used in areas where inflammable materials are used and stored like aircraft hangars. Water acts as a best suppression tool for such areas.

Fire Alarm System
Time acts as a crucial factor during the break out of a fire. A prior detection will lead to saving several lives as well as other business properties. They help in a faster evacuation process. They are also responsible for calling out fire department and initiating ventilation process. A detection device in this system will sense the smoke or even a minute input from the stations. This will trigger an alarm to cause ringing of bells or horns.

 There are two types of alarm systems:
    • Conventional-Collective Systems: Conventional-Collective Systems use detectors to detect smoke. However, the detectors may confuse tobacco smoke, steam or dust to be fire. 
    • Analog Addressable Systems: Analog Addressable Systems work on temperature changes or air quality. Whenever a fir is detected, analog signals are sent to alarm panel which then decides whether to trigger the alarm or not. They can also detect the location of a fire.



Special Hazard System
Certain applications demand special systems as they cannot be handled through conventional firefighting system. For example, areas involving sensitive electrical equipment, electronics or other documents.

    • Clean Agent Suppression System
Such systems are also called gaseous systems and it provides alternative to water for fire suppression. The main advantage of this type of system is that there is no requirement of cleaning up process after a fire. Also, the gases used in this type of system are harmless for breathing.
    • Carbon dioxide Suppression System
The carbon dioxide suppression systems are suitable for large unoccupied areas like chemical storage, transformer rooms, turbines, generator plants, etc. The carbon dioxide is stored in tanks and delivered to the required place through pipes.
    • Pre-Engineered Foam System
Pre-engineered foams are used for fuel fires, creating a layer of froth over the fire flumes. They are used in aircraft hangars, maintenance garages, and steel industry.
    • Wet Chemicals
Wet chemicals are used for extinguishing the fire in food manufacturing places and commercial kitchens where fire suppression systems react with hot oil suppressing fire quickly.

Portable Fire Extinguishers
They are the first line of defense against fire. Portable fire extinguishers are installed at easily accessible places inside a building so that the small fires can be extinguished quickly.

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